Browsing by Author "Kawalec, Paweł"

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
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    Neyman-Pearson Hypothesis Testing, Epistemic Reliability and Pragmatic Value-Laden Asymmetric Error Risks
    (Springer, 2021-03-18) Kubiak, Adam Paweł; Kawalec, Paweł; Kiersztyn, Adam
    We show that if among the tested hypotheses the number of true hypotheses is not equal to the number of false hypotheses, then Neyman-Pearson theory of testing hypotheses does not warrant minimal epistemic reliability (the feature of driving to true conclusions more often than to false ones). We also argue that N-P does not protect from the possible negative effects of the pragmatic value-laden unequal setting of error probabilities on N-P’s epistemic reliability. Most importantly, we argue that in the case of a negative impact no methodological adjustment is available to neutralize it, so in such cases the discussed pragmatic-value-ladenness of N-P inevitably compromises the goal of attaining truth.
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    The epistemic consequences of pragmatic value-laden scientific inference
    (Springer, 2021-05-18) Kubiak, Adam Paweł; Kawalec, Paweł
    In this work, we explore the epistemic import of the value-ladenness of Neyman-Pearson’s Theory of Testing Hypotheses (N-P) by reconstructing and extending Daniel Steel’s argument for the legitimate influence of pragmatic values on scientific inference. We focus on how to properly understand N-P’s pragmatic value-ladenness and the epistemic reliability of N-P. We develop an account of the twofold influence of pragmatic values on N-P’s epistemic reliability and replicability. We refer to these two distinguished aspects as “direct” and “indirect”. We discuss the replicability of experiments in terms of the indirect aspect and the replicability of outcomes in terms of the direct aspect. We argue that the influence of pragmatic values is beneficial to N-P’s epistemic reliability and replicability indirectly. We show that while the direct influence of pragmatic values can be beneficial, its negative effects on reliability and replicability are also unavoidable in some cases, with the direct and indirect aspects possibly being incongruent.
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    Transformacja cyfrowa: szanse i wyzwania dla przedsiębiorstw
    (Wydawnictwo KUL, 2021) Kawalec, Paweł
    Artykuł prezentuje główne komponenty transformacji cyfrowej: jej czynniki zewnętrze, fazy oraz czynniki strategiczne. Wskazuje na wymiary transformacji cyfrowej w łańcuchu generowania wartości dodanej przedsiębiorstwa w oparciu o posiadane aktywa, dane pozyskane na podstawie użytkowania produktów oraz od konsumentów, a także cele i miary. Na podstawie zmodyfikowanej postaci modelu D. Teece’a scharakteryzowana została rola platform cyfrowych, ekosystemu, komplementarności oraz standardów w czerpaniu korzyści z innowacji. W artykule wyróżnione zostały podstawowe strategie rozwoju dla firm, które stosują strategie oparte na platformach, a mianowicie: rozwój rynku oparty na platformie, współtworzenie klientów i dywersyfikacja platformy. Artykuł prezentuje definicję kluczowych kategorii na podstawie przeglądu odnośnej literatury przedmiotu oraz przywołuje wybrane przykłady, ilustrujące omawiane kategorie i zależności. The article presents the main components of digital transformation: its external factors, phases and strategic factors. It indicates the dimensions of digital transformation in the value-added chain of a company based on the assets held, data obtained from the use of products and from consumers, as well as goals and measures. Based on the modified form of D. Teece's model, the role of digital platforms, the ecosystem, complementarity and standards in reaping the benefits of innovation was characterized. The article highlights the basic development strategies for companies that use platform-based strategies, namely: platform-based market development, customer co-creation and platform diversification. The article presents the definition of key categories on the basis of a review of the relevant literature on the subject and refers to selected examples illustrating the discussed categories and relationships.